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Populations are counted and estimated in various ways. The most comprehensive population count available in Australia is derived from the Population and Household Census conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics every 5 years. This population figure includes overseas visitors but excludes Australians overseas.

However the Census count is not the official population of an area. To provide a more accurate population figure which is updated more frequently than every 5 years, the Australian Bureau of Statistics also produces "Estimated Resident Population" (ERP) numbers. Based on population estimates as at 30 June, ERPs take into account people who missed the count on Census night, including people who were temporarily overseas, plus an undercount adjustment for those who did not complete a Census form, and an overcount adjustment for anyone who was double counted.

Estimated Resident Population figures are updated annually taking into account births, deaths, internal and overseas migration. In addition, after every Census, ERP figures for the 5 previous years are "backcast", using information from the current Census, to ensure the most accurate figures are available.

ERP figures displayed here include finalised figures for 2006, 2007 and 2008, in addition to newly issued data for 2009. Population estimates for the latest year are preliminary and still subject to change. ERP estimates for 2009 were made available in March 2010, with further revision expected in April 2011. Population estimates between 2007 and 2011 are still subject to revision and will not be considered final until after the 2011 Census.

Estimated resident population, City of Greater Shepparton (Preliminary updated estimates based on 2006 Census data)		Annual change
Year (ending June 30)	number	number	Percent (%)
2009	62,368	1,203	2.0
2008	61,165	1,003	1.7
2007	60,162	735	1.2
2006	59,427	598	1.0
2005	58,829	142	0.2
2004	58,687	-7	0
2003	58,694	275	0.5
2002	58,419	269	0.5
2001	58,150	--	--

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Cat. No. 3235.0 - Population by Age and Sex, Regions of Australia, 2007

'Preliminary' refers to preliminary figures that may be subject to revision. All other figures are final.